6 [* m k6 o( V3 p2 w/ V5 ^死亡冰柱所到之處瞬間冰封os.tvboxnow.com2 K$ t! J, k# v+ E; j+ p
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0 C0 T7 }) H2 F7 J7 i& {9 f0 d/ D南極長年冰天雪地,人跡罕至,不少奇怪異象都是世人從未見過,英國廣播公司( BBC)攝製隊,早前首次在南極海底拍攝到“死亡冰柱”( icicle of death),冰柱下沉到海床后,所到之處周遭的海水都會凝結,海膽、海星全被凍死,蔚為奇觀。# U' }: J5 u6 A8 t, E' o
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9 J/ e- c/ w! s3 V* H0 z9 utvb now,tvbnow,bttvb其實這種死亡冰柱自 1960年代已開始存在,通常當南極海洋混入了帶鹽份的水后就會出現,不過今次還是首度有人拍攝到這個奇景。拍攝當日,海底水溫只得-2℃,BBC攝影師米勒( Hugh Miller)及安德森( Doug Anderson)在南極羅斯群島( Ross Archipelago)的小剃刀背島( Little Razorback Island)海中,親眼目擊死亡冰柱的形成過程。
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0 t( B% j; B8 v# p% Q0 S公仔箱論壇由於冰柱的密度較海水高,因此一直朝海床沉下,並迅速擴張,周遭接觸到冰柱的海水隨即變冷凝固,但看上去像海綿狀多過普通海冰,而附近的海洋生物,如海膽及海星等,因冰柱的溫度太低而全被凍死。
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: D9 }8 b0 G1 zos.tvboxnow.com米勒憶述當日親眼目擊冰柱沉下並迅速擴張,仍感到有點難以置信,“這情況有點像與時間競賽,因為沒有人真正知道它們形成得有多快。我們一星期前看到的那條冰柱,在我們面前迅速擴張變長,整個過程只用了5、6小時”os.tvboxnow.com+ n" v1 n, o; S2 |: W
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Remarkable broadcast moment: The ice begins to expand outwards. The brine is a lot more dense than seawater so sinks to the bottom. It is also a lot colder - causing the freezing
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6 V4 {7 t0 g) Z/ @; q6 vtvb now,tvbnow,bttvbTouchdown: The brinicle reaches the ocean floor. Starfish can be seen. Often the brinicles break up before they become so large$ j! M7 ~' Y$ {
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Killer: The ice floods outwards across the ocean surface rapidly, destroying everything in its wake
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Destruction: The starfish are frozen by the ice as it expands outwards
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Broadcasting feat: Although the existence of brinicles has long been known it is the first time they have ever been caught on camera. w: J- n2 e! I2 O0 [; R j3 \
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# k7 R( U' l" \) O& n+ Q公仔箱論壇Seabed spread: When the seawater freezes as it comes into contact with the brinicle it is a lot more spongelike than normal ice
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