本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2013-5-15 10:46 PM 編輯
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Angelina Jolie's Mastectomy as Preventive Measure to Breast Cancer
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此文並不是有什麼真知灼見但勝在對乳癌種種有較全面的簡介，不妨一讀。
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; ~# f; c# `' J; k9 k【作者：Brian Leung, Chairman of the Integrative Association of Naturopaths Hong Kong】
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Angelina Jolie’s decision to remove her breasts in response to a mutated BRCA1 gene is a decision that not only is sparking controversy in recent media outlets but leaves many to think what their options are if they do have this mutated gene. In the case of Angelina’s decision, I’m sure it was heavily influenced by her medical recommendations, past family history, personal history, and psychological history.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。5 W/ b1 e' p2 |2 W" ?
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; D& ^2 `! ^* `& \# Qtvb now,tvbnow,bttvbLet’s look at the statistics before deciding to have this operation: 12% of women develop breast cancer in their lives without this gene mutation. Women with this mutated gene are 5x more likely to develop breast cancer. With this mutated gene, there is nearly a 10-fold increase of having ovarian cancer. Though data for this mutated cancer gene is limited with the Asian population so these statistics should not equate to all ethnic groups.
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9 J7 |2 V5 z5 X8 h- }. [1 _+ N) ?Besides a positive gene testing for BRCA1 or BRCA2, other risk factors also have to be included in your decision to receive a prophylactic mastectomy. These include prior history of breast cancer, family history of breast or ovarian cancer, breast cell changes, history of radiation therapy/exposure, and dense breast tissue. ) M, D! n+ ]1 W
1 |! u& a9 C" v$ h" E公仔箱論壇In Angelina Jolie’s case, her mother died of ovarian cancer in 2007 which would have put a heavier weight in her decision. I’m sure this wasn’t an easy decision for her, and I wouldn’t use her case in your consideration of having double mastectomies. Everyone is different and you need to decide what is right for you, your lifestyle, and your family.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb3 B0 g" W& O6 K, r8 h& n+ S
# r. }9 z$ }. O9 S" j F$ E! ~4 |- FTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。Some argue that the surgical procedure may not remove all possible tissue that may lead to cancer. So there is still some chance of still having breast cancer after prophylactic surgery. Studies show that having a mastectomy may reduce your chances down to 0-10% of having breast cancer in the future. " {. p+ G3 `9 C: Q! s
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Side effects are numerous with this surgery when removing breast tissue and quite frankly this is a part of a body that you identify with as a female, so it has emotional and mental repercussions. Commonly, you’ll experience pain, nausea, scarring, tissue complications, and numbness. Sometimes, you may still experience sensations that your breasts are still there - called phantom breast sensations. Necrosis may also happen to breast tissue that have been operated on and don’t have the proper blood supply anymore. In rare cases, you may have blood pooling in parts of your breasts or even infection as a result. , A# U7 J6 s: o8 X' ?7 X. F% l
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There is an alternative from deciding the fate of having both breasts removed after weighing the aforementioned. Even though you may test positive for a mutated BCRA1 or 2 gene, you can take a proactive approach in minimizing your chances in developing cancer later. The alternative is to be proactive in screening, healthy lifestyle choices, healthy eating, breast feeding, limiting exogenous hormones, plastics and toxic chemicals.
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First, one should do a breast self-examination at least once a month after you take a shower and when lying down. Secondly, you can also consider a non-invasive method called breast thermography. For patients who are hesitant in using radiation for screening of breast cancerous tissue, this is a safe and useful method in catching changes of tissue metabolism. (The FDA cautions about using this as the only screening tool in catching breast cancer.)) l6 E. t6 v0 \2 P. T' P6 c
: ]4 I5 I" z3 U3 l3 `4 a0 f, U公仔箱論壇Healthy lifestyle choices include not smoking, not being overweight, limiting alcohol, drinking clean water, and being physically active. Exercises that increase blood flow, maintain a healthy weigh and allow movement of the circulatory system have not only shown to be beneficial for heart health but cancers as well. tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb6 o% \" D2 r" {' T. j9 e, P
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Eating healthy will incorporate organic vegetables and food sources that rely on decreasing exposures to chemicals.
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2 ~ N1 q8 |) ^. Y% ?tvb now,tvbnow,bttvbThe Causes of Breast Cancer
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It is not clear as to the real cause of breast cancer. Genes can only be attributed to about 5-10% of all breast cancer causes and part of this can be inherited from your parents. So where does the other 90% of all other breast cancers come from? A multitude of causes have been suggested from endocrine disruptors to emotional sabotage.
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]3 v0 @* e ?8 f& y' k& d6 fos.tvboxnow.comThere are currently thousands of new chemicals as compared to 50 years ago that we are constantly exposed to on a daily basis. Our bodies and tissues can be detected with hundreds of these new chemicals and they are causing our body to dysfunction via the hormonal system.
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, B4 a/ F" F. ^4 B' Dtvb now,tvbnow,bttvbKnown Chemicals which May Cause Breast Cancer:
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, P- P0 ^3 i n; C/ Y4 etvb now,tvbnow,bttvbMothballs, deodorizers, air fresheners/fragrances, vinyl, new carpets, cosmetics (ie mascara –containing cadmium), air pollution (ie exhaust fumes or cigarette smoking), pesticides, plastic containers, coloring agents in food (red no. 3), and bleach all have been implicated in higher risk of breast cancer., ? P5 p1 |- _8 I+ \. Y; ]
7 W) g: n+ I- B2 w) v公仔箱論壇The method in naturopathic medicine is to remove these obstacles so that the body can heal. These natural methods center of identifying and removing toxins like chemicals, heavy metals, microbial pathogens, and even emotional trauma from the body and supplementing with appropriate individualistic treatment that address these burdens of stress on the body. When we do this, the environment surrounding the cell becomes healthier and is less susceptible to mutate. It just makes logical sense to be in an environment less burdened with toxins and stressors. tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb+ B4 o: p% ^6 {) V. m3 u
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Emotional Implications公仔箱論壇- z+ r, Q% n# Z! T) o& {
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Psychological trauma can have an impact on what we call the psyco-neuro-immunological (PNI) axis where these stressors can have an adverse affect on cellular health and immune status. In Angelina’s case, she had difficulty in her childhood most likely coming from her parents, which resulted in self-harm, feeling emotionally disconnected, and suicidal depression. This also led to her experimenting with all sorts of drugs.
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There was quite a lot of self-sabotaging behavior in her past. To believe that the immune system or body isn’t affect by the mind is delusional as numerous studies in the past 20 years have proved otherwise. For example, loneliness has been implicated in UCLA and John Hopkins studies as having higher rates of cancer and overall mortality. Understanding why individuals feel lonely will give a clue as to why it affects our PNI axis. os.tvboxnow.com. k, O: q" p; x) P5 f
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A drug won’t cure this problem either as most drugs mask the underlying disorder and emotional conflict. In naturopathic medicine, we have tools at our disposal which help individuals to react to conflicts in healthier ways.$ l. ~& L2 Y G
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; p4 b2 B1 w$ TSupplements Known to Have Anti-Cancer Benefittvb now,tvbnow,bttvb+ ]- T" r9 T; x: Z
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Vitamins use have actually been shown through studies to have beneficial effect in fighting cancer. Studies to date have shown that supplementing with beta-carotene, folic acid, olive, soy, and vitamin A are “possibly effective” in helping to treat breast cancer. Vitamin C and E have also shown decreased mortality and recurrence. Other supplements don’t have enough evidence to support its claim and may vary from person to person. When using supplements it’s important to seek a practitioner who is able to provide tailored care for each person’s individuality and regimen.
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Personal Opinionos.tvboxnow.com8 }) }" R5 |" |/ y/ u
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I believe that Angelina made the choice that suited her best and what she felt was right for her family. We still don’t know whether it will deter cancer for her until 30-40 yrs down the line. Furthermore, if she is willing to remove her breasts, I question why she hasn’t removed her ovaries as well? Her family history shows that ovarian cancer is more prevalent. It would be interesting to see now whether cancer in her case may afflict other organs as a result: a theory in natural medicine that if you don’t remove the cause it will just affect elsewhere in the body. 6 c6 b; ]1 ^! |
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To think that once diagnosed with a mutated BRCA gene, a prophylactic treatment is removal of your female organs. Removal of your breasts and even your ovaries suggest a “de-feminine” or sexist approach to a sickness. And we have seen this in the past with another surgery called a hysterectomy. It was originally used to cure female hysteria up until the 20th century. Quite interesting - how a patriarchal paradigm using drugs or surgery and the dehumanizing affect on female’s bodies. % ]+ E$ m/ A1 h! q. ~6 d
4 Z/ n: O% ~6 @; KDespite the notions of a double mastectomy, I applaud Angelina’s bravery in choosing a hard-fought decision.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。, `& a6 I3 Z, I2 ?0 w- P7 h
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安祖蓮娜祖莉(Angelina Jolie)為防癌而切除乳房的消息一出，「自然療法醫師」黃偉德立刻撰文評論，內容除了推銷甚麼「家庭系統治療」，還就他在《維基百科》看到的「Jolie 的生平」大造文章，指她的父母和成長「充滿了癌症的條件」，她的經歷「顯示了她的死亡意願」、反映了她在潛意識裏希望「追隨母親而死」；黃醫師最後更預言祖莉切除乳房後「得某種癌症而死亡的機會，仍然是很高的」，而他的文章標題正是：〈切除了乳房，切不掉死亡〉。
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+ s; ~$ H* ~% V" F這篇文章語意不清之處甚多，可說已到達「語癌」的程度：例如「更深層的心靈上烙印」、「在靈魂上吸收了母親的遺傳」、「未化解的情緒會窒礙身體經絡能量流動」、「潛意識裡，我們卻在無數的個案中看到相同的模式」、「堅定觀照自己的死亡意願」、「才能真正的超越」等，都不清楚是甚麼意思。然而，相信有人會認為自己明白這些文字要表達的是甚麼，假如我不厭其煩地分析其不清之處，恐怕會被指責為咬文嚼字、錯失要旨。
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0 X/ }2 Y6 } }6 `tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb因此，我不妨假設文中的語癌可以清除 — 那些語意不清的語句經改寫後，意思會變得清楚。可是，清除了語癌，清不掉謬論，黃醫師此文仍然是爛中之爛，沒得救。由於這篇文章似乎頗受歡迎（已有過千個 Facebook likes），恐怕會有人誤信黃醫師謬論，以下容我簡略地分析文中錯謬之處，以正視聽。
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8 i* J3 n0 `1 [ JTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。黃醫師首先聲明了他不是疾病的基因測試專家，不過，他在文末卻又說「從家庭系統去推測【患癌機會】的命中率，會比癌症基因檢測的高」。除非家庭系統的推測是百分百準確，否則，黃醫師也要知道癌症基因檢測的準確程度（不會是百分百），才可以比較兩者，以定高下。他沒有列出數據，只是說自己相信家庭系統的推測較準確；假如只是講「相信」，大家也不必討論了，你信你的，我信我的，像宗教那樣（如要比較，就永遠是我的宗教對，你的宗教錯）。
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祖莉在公開信裏說，手術後她患乳癌的機會由先前的 87% 跌至低過 5% ; 跟黃醫師不同，這不只是祖莉相信的數字，而是她的醫生們根據現在的醫學作出的估計。黃醫師預言祖莉切除乳房後「得某種癌症而死亡的機會」仍然很高，假如他是對的，那些醫生的估計便有非常大的誤差（除非黃醫師說的「某種癌症」一定不包括乳癌）；黃醫師要人信服，可不能就這麼說一句，要拿出數據來啊！西方醫學也許有不少弊端，但這不表示西方醫學全不可靠；要批評，總得有事實根據。公仔箱論壇5 o, b6 }$ `9 O( ]
8 F& B% p! V( VTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。黃醫師說幾乎「所有癌症、絕症背後的心結」都是「愚愛替代」的「死亡意願」，即是在潛意識裏希望自己能追隨一生受苦的母親而死。對於這個奇怪的病源「學說」，相信稍愛思考的人都會有以下的問題：
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- 為甚麼「愚愛替代」的是母親而非父親？（黃醫師在文中有四處提到「父母」，但論「愚愛替代」時卻只談母親。）
% d8 X) ^$ r' a/ Xtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb - 那些母親還在生的人是否大多不會患癌？
; I6 S {7 R Y* k, I3 O公仔箱論壇 - 那些母親一生快樂的人是否大多不會患癌？
0 Q' F2 A& p0 t! W# I公仔箱論壇 - 那些連母親的臉也沒見過、對母親一無所知的人是否大多不會患癌？
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: a+ h) |1 d5 O黃醫師可能會認為我的批評只是基於我對家庭系統治療的誤解，但我的要求其實很簡單：請提出一些理據支持你的說法。無論你的理論是甚麼，這都是一個非常合理的要求。os.tvboxnow.com3 {3 n( t f2 A2 \0 g( ]. J) B
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原文刊於作者博客《魚之樂》
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王偉雄! X6 D F% Q( \/ L `( t; Z7 l
美國加州州立大學哲學教授 |
發表於 2013-5-15 10:17 PM
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