本帖最後由 aa00 於 2011-6-21 09:42 AM 編輯 os.tvboxnow.com- d2 g3 H9 {# ~4 `( ~. G
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英國《經濟學家》雜誌TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。8 V; ]; _* |: ~' e
8 ~. F& j( Y E TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。" c5 Y" q) ]% c* V. X) k3 m The Economist * ~! p6 k8 C3 r# s* v; R8 `3 i公仔箱論壇 ) S3 w/ z9 S2 ?; W3 H公仔箱論壇tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb# I1 z$ B7 z+ r6 L Vote as I say s' x Q: e" R$ f" s公仔箱論壇 ( m% P7 O* p6 ?1 _3 P! fos.tvboxnow.comIndependent candidates for elections appear to be a spontaneous step too far for the Communist Party tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb' u8 o- b) @( }
/ J1 Q* o" m% @8 D6 zJun 16th 2011 | BEIJING | from the print edition tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb' m9 s6 p1 I! r9 h( D+ o' _% r0 l9 D4 F1 K/ Z
6 S3 Y0 d' m, K) b5 z# Gos.tvboxnow.com 8 w5 \9 q( u0 t5 vtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb“A LIVE-FIRE exercise in democracy” is how one of China’s sparkier newspapers hailed a recent move by dozens of citizens to promote themselves online as independent candidates in forthcoming local elections. Communist Party officials, unnerved by Arab revolutions and sporadic unrest in the provinces, are far less jubilant. Voting rituals long choreographed by the party suddenly face a new challenge from the internet. " P% O2 D9 w) cos.tvboxnow.comTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。" D, _6 Y. d3 R
Elections at the lowest tier of China’s multi-layered parliamentary structure are the only ones in which citizens can directly vote for their legislators. But the party likes to leave nothing to chance. Citizens can, in theory, stand for election with support from ten fellow constituents. In practice, the party usually ensures that only its endorsed candidates make it to the shortlist. Ordinary Chinese often refer to the “people’s congresses”, as the legislatures are called, as mere ornamental “flower vases”. 公仔箱論壇+ s. G, k# K) b: `5 q! L, i
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So a flurry of internet-fuelled enthusiasm for such polls has attracted considerable attention, including in some state-owned media (to the disquiet of propaganda officials, say Chinese journalists). Li Fan of the World and China Institute in Beijing, thinks that more than 100 people have declared themselves as candidates in recent weeks for elections for people’s congresses that are due to be held around the country in the coming months. They have mustered support using microblogging tools such as Sina Weibo, a hugely popular Twitter-like service. os.tvboxnow.com/ \- Q; E& r* s2 u
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Even a hint of spontaneity in legislative elections can make the party squirm. In 1980 the first experiment with such polls led to heated campaigns on campuses. Officials intervened to block outspoken candidates from winning seats. Six years later, attempts to exclude independent candidates from local elections prompted student protests. The crackdown on the Tiananmen Square unrest in 1989 all but ended activists’ efforts at the ballots until 2003, when a slightly more liberal atmosphere encouraged dozens from the newly emerging middle classes to run. But when elections were held three years later, the party stifled media coverage. 公仔箱論壇5 W1 U7 i* K/ T( V
6 c/ E/ t) _9 Q2 w0 }! B% r5 b# V) i( [tvb now,tvbnow,bttvbNow, despite a sweeping crackdown on dissent this year involving the arrest of dozens of activists, the party is finding it harder to impose silence. A surge in online social networking has enabled citizens to connect instantly with vast numbers of like-minded people. Intellectuals and journalists with high profiles online are among those who have declared their candidacies. Li Chengpeng, an author and social critic in Sichuan province, has more than 3m followers of his Sina Weibo account. In a message posted on June 15th Mr Li wrote that a policeman had said he would vote for him, with many fellow officers wanting to follow suit. 3 m5 Q, v$ H' `' m& K" U " @7 n7 L# i# ]) v+ ~& |; q2 ]2 ftvb now,tvbnow,bttvbThe emergence of these candidates has coincided with a spate of local disturbances in different parts of the country. They make the party, which is preparing to celebrate its 90th birthday on July 1st, all the more anxious. In Zengcheng, a town in Guangdong province that manufactures jeans, thousands of police appear to have quelled days of rioting which broke out on June 10th after an altercation between security guards and a migrant street vendor. This came after rioting in Lichuan in Hubei province over the death in police custody of a local legislator and anti-corruption campaigner. In late May a man with grievances against the government in Fuzhou, Jiangxi province, blew up himself and two others, prompting an outpouring of sympathy on the internet. Xu Chunliu, a self-proclaimed candidate in Beijing, who has 12,000-plus Sina Weibo followers, says such incidents have encouraged some to venture into politics. Better, he says, to battle it out in parliament than on the streets.! p9 T3 _* n) h7 S8 Y3 d, _
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On June 8th the government revealed its jitteriness about elections in an interview by the state-run news agency, Xinhua, with an unnamed official of the National People’s Congress, the apex of the legislative hierarchy. The official said independent candidates had “no legal basis” and hinted that campaigning in non-approved settings would not be tolerated. But the official did not rule out the possibility that independents could run. A harder-hitting commentary appeared in Global Times, a Beijing newspaper. By soliciting votes through the internet, it said, independent candidates “could destroy the operating rules of Chinese society”. It urged them to “return from microblogging to reality”. 6 \. E1 q' s- \3 M( j公仔箱論壇8 L4 j. |' v% h5 |; I! u
Mid-May elections for the people’s congress in Xinyu, a city in Jiangxi province, underlined the difficulties independents can face. Liu Ping (pictured above), a retired worker with more than 31,000 online followers, tried to run but was disqualified, apparently because of her labour activism. Her home was later raided by police, who detained her for several days. Ms Liu’s microblog postings about her experiences aroused sympathy among internet users and helped launch the recent wave of independent candidacies. % S% x9 ?$ u8 k8 D
$ m) ?2 m4 b2 b3 U) E: Qos.tvboxnow.comThe party is not united, though. On June 13th Study Times, a newspaper published by the Communist Party’s top academy for party officials, argued in defence of independent candidates. China, it said, had failed sufficiently to emphasise the right to get elected. The newspaper said the idea that “you can only be a representative if we let you be a representative” was a “serious violation of socialist democratic principles”. The party, it appears, has some internal differences of its own to resolve. - Q) \" E/ j4 d( R, }6 K Dos.tvboxnow.com' [$ K0 G C4 l( u4 ~/ T
& G8 ?" E* i, W; ]公仔箱論壇Editorial du "Monde" 5 U8 t% O" n6 w& n3 c
tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb6 |' U. V" K: V" [8 o Le modèle chinois pris dans ses contradictions # c; q' Q, G7 u 8 k9 V# [3 P1 P' gos.tvboxnow.com公仔箱論壇5 y# u$ u! A2 s 15.06.11 | 13h29 • Mis à jour le 15.06.11 | 13h29tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb( A0 W: O3 ?/ ^
$ j# t- U+ A$ }/ T* }3 P& tLa société chinoise bouillonne. Les "incidents de masse" - nom de code désignant, dans les médias officiels, les émeutes et autres manifestations de colère d'une population qui n'a souvent pas d'autre moyen d'expression que la violence collective - se sont multipliés de façon spectaculaire ces derniers temps. 9 s& f1 W& N) D7 a: z) } 5 |' R9 g& W0 }% s6 T3 N5 V, O公仔箱論壇 + m; v$ V3 X" I. p* `# PIl n'y a, certes, rien d'étonnant à ce que, dans un pays de près d'un milliard et demi d'habitants soumis à des transformations aussi rapides et aussi profondes que celles que connaît la Chine depuis trente ans, la population ne soit pas d'une passivité totale. C'est même plutôt rassurant. Mais l'ampleur et l'intensité qu'ont revêtues récemment ces "incidents de masse" posent une autre question, celle des limites du modèle chinois. - z# S9 E& _! H- ?3 W) B$ zTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。. \! }. \9 x) L1 V+ N( `
Une conjonction de facteurs favorise les tensions au sein de la société chinoise. Les exigences de la croissance ont drainé vers les villes des millions de travailleurs migrants, Lumpenproletariat moderne aux conditions de vie extrêmement difficiles : ils fournissent les premiers bataillons à ces "incidents de masse". L'émergence d'une classe moyenne de jeunes urbains à bon niveau d'éducation a produit une catégorie de population bien informée par Internet, qui tolère de moins en moins les inégalités, la corruption, les richesses mal acquises, les bavures policères. Ils se préoccupent de la qualité de la vie, de l'environnement, de la propriété privée et de la sécurité alimentaire.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。0 J( w) S0 y+ U4 u
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Les effets pervers de l'impressionnant modèle économique chinois - dette cachée, poussée inflationniste - sont de plus en plus évidents : avec un indice de la hausse des prix à la consommation de 5,5 % en mai, l'inflation vient d'atteindre son plus fort taux depuis trois ans.os.tvboxnow.com' ^/ D) f0 o' z* q/ G
: U5 U/ S: ~2 V/ a* TTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。A cette pression socio-économique s'ajoutent deux motifs de grande tension politique : la perspective du renouvellement de plus de la moitié de la direction du Parti communiste chinois, dont le président, Hu Jintao, et le premier ministre, Wen Jiabao, en 2012, et le vent de contestation que souffle le "printemps arabe", si lourd de menaces que l'appareil répressif chinois a cru bon de supprimer le mot "jasmin" des moteurs de recherche ! 3 w2 C- G0 F9 c+ t1 |9 x. nos.tvboxnow.com + |4 v" p( K4 N% y8 A+ ~( m7 ]公仔箱論壇L'intérêt de la montée de la tension actuelle est qu'elle fait apparaître, de plus en plus clairement, une ligne de partage entre deux camps, celui des conservateurs et celui des réformateurs. Le premier a paru prendre l'avantage, avec l'arrestation de nombreux opposants, dont l'artiste Ai Weiwei, et une vague de répression tous azimuts. La recrudescence des "incidents de masse", cependant, montre que cela ne résout rien. 2 k% n' P, g7 S: a, U8 I; |) `! t. J' B
Les réformateurs relèvent la tête. Prenant le relais des avocats indépendants désormais neutralisés, une génération de candidats aux élections locales, souvent de jeunes journalistes, tente d'ouvrir une autre brèche par une approche légaliste, en utilisant le système pour réformer le modèle chinois et lui permettre de fonctionner. Ils ont du courage et un puissant allié : Weibo, le Twitter chinois. Pour la Chine et pour le reste du monde, il faut souhaiter qu'ils réussissent. 8 M7 M* K f1 s! L) r5 ~ ; e1 M7 Y. b7 ~8 i3 ETVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。Article paru dans l'édition du 16.06.11
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15.06.11 | 13h29 • Mis à jour le 15.06.11 | 13h29tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb( A0 W: O3 ?/ ^