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標題: [時事討論] 陸以正: 巴勒斯坦、台灣豈可相比 [打印本頁]

作者: felicity2010 時間: 2012-12-10 08:45 AM 標題: 陸以正: 巴勒斯坦、台灣豈可相比

本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2012-12-10 08:47 AM 編輯 ' V/ Z( Z( {% M  `" `

陸以正: 巴勒斯坦、台灣豈可相比

上星期初，巴勒斯坦政府主席阿巴斯去了一趟聯合國（左圖，美聯社）。由於他活動的結果，十一月廿九日，聯大一百九十一個會員國投票，有一百卅八國贊成，九國反對，其餘四十一國棄權，通過了議案：主旨就是把巴勒斯坦的地位，從所謂「觀察實體」，提升為「非會員觀察國」。

由於本案獲得過半數通過，台北有少數人為之雀躍，誤以為台灣亦可仿效此例，至少恢復在聯合國的部分權利。電視談話節目也拿這個話題來做文章，找些對國際法與聯合國憲章一知半解的專家們，高談闊論一番。
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巴勒斯坦以「非會員」取得「觀察國」的事例，台灣可以援例申請嗎？套句大陸方言，可說「連門兒都沒有」。
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為什麼呢？首先，從巴勒斯坦升格案內容去看，阿巴斯遊說活動的結果，只是升了一級，從「觀察實體」變成「非會員觀察國」。對巴勒斯坦而言，已經得之不易。因為巴勒斯坦建國的土地，雖然只有約台灣六分之一大，約六千二百二十平方公里，自古以來卻是阿拉伯人與猶太人拚死必爭之地。tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb' [6 E0 Y9 j3 Q/ U
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猶太人說：這塊土地是公元前一千二百年，摩西率領被埃及法老驅逐出境的猶太人，首先定居的地方，對猶太人和今天的以色列國而言，這是祖先居住，富有歷史意義的遺產；不是用金錢或其它任何物品，可以交換的。這種心情，中國人不但懂得，而且可以了解。* P- Z2 }/ a4 i3 B2 R5 ?$ L

其次，巴勒斯坦人真正要爭的，是耶路撒冷聖城。它雖然在名義上是巴勒斯坦首都，其實約旦河西岸地區真正的行政首府在拉瑪拉，距聖城還有六公里。os.tvboxnow.com; `0 U& i% O' h0 I7 W% C: ^

巴勒斯坦四百廿六萬人口中，九十二％是阿拉伯族後裔。以色列只因為三千三百年前，摩西率領猶太人來此定居，因此在一九六七年六月五日至十日的所謂「六日戰爭」中，以迅雷不及掩耳的手段，強奪了這塊土地，據為己有，至今連和約尚未締結，在國際法是說不過去的。
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這段歷史對台灣更無法適用，一望可知。如果這種歪理可以放諸四海而皆準，台灣的高山族也可向聯合國提出訴願，要求明朝末年隨鄭成功來台的福建人和客家人，把寶島交還給他們。事隔三百餘年，物是人非，這樣的官司就是《聖經》裡的所羅門王也判不清。

最後也是最關鍵的是，寄望於聯合國的大人先生們，忘記了聯合國並非是為世界各國裁決爭執，排難解紛的地方，那是國際法庭的職責。說老實話，聯合國只認得誰的拳頭大，胳膊粗。此所以安全理事會五個常任理事國是頭等強國；次一級的六個非常任理事國，每逢改選就要你爭我奪，一旦進入安理會，討論議案涉及的國家，少不得來爭取你手上那一票，使人有飄飄然之感。

巴勒斯坦能從一個「觀察實體」，升格成「非會員觀察國」，最大的收穫是被稱為「國家」了。你以為它得來全不費工夫嗎？錯了。巴勒斯坦建國的一部血淚史，台灣沒幾個人研究過。: E" _8 {7 g5 {1 [6 j' m. m1 f
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早在二次大戰結束後，一九四八年巴勒斯坦人就發表宣言，自行宣布獨立建國，但忙於收拾戰後殘局的同盟各國，沒人有餘暇管他們的閒事。巴勒斯坦人左等右等，無人理會，阿拉伯各國縱然同情，卻因巴勒斯坦人微言輕，無人理會。- D7 f7 c  i- s- W+ [
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直到一九八八年四月八日，等候了四十幾年後，巴勒斯坦才壯起膽子，借戰勝國的庇護，聯合國在挪威首都奧斯陸開會同時，自行宣布獨立。正因為當時除阿拉伯反猶太諸國外，大部分國家為免惹起麻煩，都不敢給予正式外交承認。
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那又是什麼道理呢？一半是大家都在觀望美國的態度。美國政治與猶太人密切相關，而巴勒斯坦則與巴勒斯坦游擊隊的領袖阿拉法特關係密切到不可分隔的程度。雖然已有一百多個國家正式承認了巴勒斯坦，而且巴勒斯坦也接受了聯合國安理會第二四二與三三九兩項決議文，包括以色列在內的一百多國都已承認巴勒斯坦是個獨立國，唯獨美國還不肯承認。理由何在，沒人說得清。公仔箱論壇9 D" b; |. p. G" B1 f* e2 k
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作者: felicity2010 時間: 2012-12-10 11:38 PM

本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2012-12-10 11:43 PM 編輯

The Economist: Barriers to peace8 V- Y: j* `) t% M
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Even by the miserable standards of the peace process, Israel’s proposed new settlements are a disaster公仔箱論壇* x( Q' { G m. N( z- [

RARELY has Israel looked lonelier. On November 29th only the United States, Canada and the Czech Republic among serious countries backed its arguments at the United Nations’ General Assembly against giving the Palestinians an enhanced status at the UN. Now Binyamin Netanyahu’s government has declared its determination to build thousands of new Jewish houses on the West Bank, where the Palestinians hope to turn their virtual state into a real one (see article). It also says it will withhold tax revenues from the Palestinian Authority (PA),which runs parts of the West Bank under Israeli eyes, to punish the Palestinians for their cheek at the UN.
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This time, even the Americans objected. Hillary Clinton, the secretary of state, chastised Mr Netanyahu for his response. The mayor of Chicago, Rahm Emanuel, who used to be President Barack Obama’s chief of staff and is a firm supporter of Israel, called it a betrayal of America’s friendship.

It is not hard to see why. The decision to withhold the taxes is probably just a temporary punishment. But it will hardly help the more moderate Palestinians of Fatah, which runs the West Bank under Mahmoud Abbas, in favour of Hamas, its Gaza-based rival, which is still loth to accept Israel’s existence.- K# M7 O# l; K

The new settlements are far more serious. The houses Israel keeps on erecting on Palestinian territory are the main reason why so much of the world has lost sympathy for Israel’s cause. The Palestinians have had to watch the Israelis gobbling up the land on which their state is meant to be based. Worse, the latest planned settlement, in a zone known as E-1, threatens to box Palestinians who live in East Jerusalem, which they hope to make their capital, into a sealed-off enclave, impeding connections to the rest of the fledgling state of Palestine and bisecting the northern and southern halves. Travel from Bethlehem, south of Jerusalem, to Ramallah,the Palestinians’ administrative headquarters, would be a nightmare.

Mr Netanyahu may try to justify his defiance over the settlements by pointing to the Palestinians’ unilateralism at the UN and the rockets from Gaza, though Israel has more than replied to them. He may also have an eye on the coming Israeli election. But for those, including this newspaper, who still hope for a two-state solution,the new houses are an impassable obstacle. Palestinian leaders cite them as further evidence that Israel has no interest in ceding territory, even for peace. True to that picture, although Mr Netanyahu endorsed a two-state solution in 2009, his Likud party hasn’t: some of its candidates still want a Greater Israel extending to the Jordan river.
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For Mr Obama, stuck in budget negotiations in Washington, this could not come at a worse time. But he should speak out loudly. Mr Obama’s envoys,just like the Europeans, have always stressed that building settlements in theE-1 corridor is unacceptable. Israel still gets billions of dollars from America, and might well rely on its help to attack Iran next year. Yet Mr Netanyahu would not have announced the settlements unless he thought he could get away with it. Israel has enough friends in Congress to protect his back. And thumbing his nose at Mr Obama has cost him nothing with Israeli voters.os.tvboxnow.com7 ^' q4 O7 L [% Y" ~ P# G

Speak now, Mr Obama, loudlytvb now,tvbnow,bttvb& t/ a# w: H. w4 {: k0 X+ M; i' j1 v7 v6 u

A braver Mr Obama would this time tell Israel some home truths. Yes, many changes are necessary on the Palestinian side: Hamas needs to recognise Israel’s existence,for instance, and settle its differences with Fatah. But carving up a prospective Palestine and building a Greater Israel is destroying the prospects for peace. That is not just because it enrages the dispossessed Palestinians and their newly democratic Arab neighbours. It is also because of demographic trends within Israel. The Arab population is growing faster than the Jewish one. Under a single-state solution, Jews would become a minority. Unless they are prepared for Arabs to dominate the country politically, they will have to deprive them of the vote.The road Mr Netanyahu is pushing his country down is an ugly one—and Israel’s true friends should tell it so.7 |, W" p6 ^5 A

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